Full recap of 2024 presidential debate between Biden and Trump

Joe Biden offered a generous self-assessment of his debate performance: “I think we did well.”

Following the 90-minute debate in Atlanta, Biden stopped at a Waffle House on his way to the airport, where he and First Lady Dr. Jill Biden picked up some pre-ordered food and talked to some diners and staff.

During the pit stop, reporters asked the president how he thought he did during the debate, to which he responded with a positive attitude.

“It’s hard to debate a liar,” Biden replied when he was asked about Democrats’ concerns over his performance.

But many Democrats were alarmed by Biden’s debate showing. His sentences repeatedly failed to connect to one another, with stumbles he made, including mid-sentence pauses and several instances of tripping over his words.

Biden also said he had a “sore throat,” nodding to his campaign’s statement that the president’s raspy and sometimes quiet voice during the debate was the result of a cold.

— Rebecca Picciotto

Asked about his age, Trump, 78, bragged about his performance on cognitive tests and his recent success on the golf course.

“I took two cognitive tests. I aced them, both of them,” he said.

He then added, “I’m in very good health. I just won two club championships.”

Trump seemed to be referring to the cognitive test he took while president in 2018. Rep. Ronny Jackson — who was Trump’s White House physician — said at the time that the former president scored a perfect 30/30 the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

– Josephine Rozzelle

Biden called Trump a “whiner” who falsely claimed to have won their last White House race and would likely do so again if he lost a second time.

“I doubt you’ll accept it because you’re such a whiner,” Biden said after Trump said he would accept the outcome of November’s election if the results were legal and fair.

“You can’t stand loss,” Biden added.

“Something snapped in you when you lost the last time.”

— Dan Mangan

Biden, 81, and Trump, 78, were asked to respond to concerns about whether they are too old to serve as president for the next four years.

They ended the round by bickering about each other’s golf games.

Biden initially quipped that he was accused of being too young for the first half of his political career, before touting his efforts to bring foreign investment to the U.S.

Trump responded by boasting that he had “aced” cognitive tests. He then defended his physical health by referring to his abilities as a golfer, saying, “You have to be able to hit the ball along the way.”

Trump claimed Biden “can’t hit a ball 50 yards.”

Biden shot back, “I’m happy to play golf with you if you carry your own bag. Think you can do it?”

— Kevin Breuninger

Trump claimed that the environment fared the best under his administration.

“I had the best environmental numbers ever,” Trump said “And my top environmental people gave me that statistic just before I walked on the stage actually.”

Average U.S. energy-related carbon emissions were in fact higher during the first three years of Trump’s administration than during that of Biden’s, according to April data from the independent U.S. Energy Information Administration.

From 2017 to 2019, when Trump was in office, the U.S. emitted an average of 5.2 billion metric tons of energy-related CO2 emissions versus an average of 4.9 billion metric tons from 2021 to 2023, when Biden was in office.

— Rebecca Picciotto

Biden “has a cold,” two people familiar with the situation told NBC News.

The people clarified that the president does not have Covid-19.

Biden’s quiet, raspy voice and occasional coughing has garnered significant attention throughout the debate.

— Kevin Breuninger

Biden said Trump has “the morals of an alley cat” as he slammed the Republican over the infidelity allegations at the center of Trump’s criminal hush money case.

Biden blasted Trump for having “sex with a porn star while your wife was pregnant.” He was referring to the claim by adult star Stormy Daniels that she had a one-night stand with Trump in the mid-2000s, while he was married to his current wife Melania Trump.

Trump replied, “‘I did not have sex with a porn star.”

A New York jury last month convicted Trump of falsifying business records related to a scheme to silence Daniels from speaking about the alleged sex before the 2016 presidential election.

— Kevin Breuninger

Biden said, “The only person who is a convicted felon is the man I’m looking at right now,” referring to Trump, who was found guilty last month of crimes related to a hush money payment to a porn star.

Trump quickly retorted, noting that Biden’s son Hunter also is a convicted felon, having recently been found guilty of gun crimes.

– Dan Mangan

Trump and Biden sparred over abortion, their longest back-and-forth of the evening so far.

Trump claimed “everybody wanted” federal abortion protections under Roe v. Wade to be abolished and for the issue to be handed to individual states.

And, referring to a quote from former Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam, Trump suggested that Biden supported allowing abortions up until the moment of birth.

Biden denied the claim, saying he supported the precedent of Roe, which was in effect in the U.S. for nearly half a century.

Trump’s leave-it-to-the-states position is “like saying you’re going to turn civil rights back to the states,” Biden said.

— Kevin Breuninger

Biden stumbled early in the debate, losing his train of thought at times and pausing for a long moment before CNN moderators cut him off.

Biden got into trouble when he spoke about strengthening the U.S. health care system.

“Making sure that were able to make every single solitary person eligible for what I’ve been able to do with the, with the Covid, excuse me, with dealing with everything we have to do with, look ….” Biden said, trailing off.

“Look, if, we’ve finally beat Medicare,” Biden said, before moderator Jack Tapper said, “Thank you, President Biden.”

Trump later cracked, “I don’t know what he just said.”

Trump’s Truth Social account quickly posted a video clip of Biden’s garbled answer. “WOW—WHAT IS HE SAYING?!” the post was captioned.

– Dan Mangan

Trump said that Biden inherited “an unbelievable situation” from his administration.

Biden entered office in January 2021 in the throes of the pandemic when thousands were dying from the Covid illness. Americans’ daily lives were massively disrupted by the nationwide lockdown, which also created massive economic disruption that have loomed heavily on the Biden administration.

“I gave him an unbelievable situation with all of the therapeutics and all of the things that we came up with,” Trump said. “We gave him something great. Remember, more people died under his administration, even though we had largely fixed it.”

At the time, Trump said that injecting disinfectants could be a viable cure for Covid illness.

— Rebecca Picciotto

The first question of the night was about the economy, and it went to Biden.

Asked about high inflation, Biden blamed Trump for botching the government’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic, leaving him a badly damaged economy.

Biden said his administration had to “try to put things back together.”

But “there’s more to be done,” Biden acknowledged. “we’re working to bring down the price around the kitchen table, and that’s what we’re going to get done.”

— Kevin Breuninger

Biden poked fun at claims by Republicans that he’s using drugs or other “performance enhancers” to prepare for the debate.

“I don’t know what they’ve got in these performance enhancers, but I’m feeling pretty jacked up,” Biden’s’s official X account tweeted, with a photo of him holding a can with printing on it that said, “Get Real, Jack. It’s Just Water.”

“Try it yourselves, folks,” the post added.

– Dan Mangan

The trophy that Biden and Trump are eyeing tonight: voters still making up their minds.

A two-day Reuters/Ipsos poll published June 13 found about 20% of survey respondents were undecided about who to vote for or whether they will vote at all in November. And a Quinnipiac University poll released Wednesday found that 16% of voters are open to changing their candidate choice.

At the same time, multiple polls have found that a majority of respondents said they planned to tune into tonight’s debate.

Taken together, these results underscore the stakes of the debate in a near dead-heat presidential race that will likely be decided by tight margins.

For Biden and Trump, it means threading a needle to try to appeal to voters in that undecided group, despite their diverse and competing concerns.

— Rebecca Picciotto

The nonpartisan Commission on Presidential Debates has sponsored every presidential debate since 1988 — until now. Tonight’s debate came about rather untraditionally.

Biden publicly challenged Trump to a debate on May 15, saying in a video, “Make my day, pal.”

By the end of the day, the two candidates had agreed to tonight’s debate hosted by CNN and a Sept. 10 debate hosted by ABC News, neither of which would have the involvement of the commission.

Biden’s campaign chair Jen O’Malley Dillon sent a letter to the commission the same day, informing them that the Democratic incumbent would not be participating in the three CDP-planned debates in September and October. In the letter, O’Malley Dillon called the commission’s long-used model “out of step” with the interests of voters.

Both Biden’s and Trump’s campaigns took issue with the fact that the commission planned the first debate for Sept. 16, by which time a handful of states will have already begun mailing out absentee ballots.

— Josephine Rozzelle

Artificial intelligence products ChatGPT and Copilot repeated a debunked claim that CNN would be delaying its video feed of the presidential debate by up to two minutes, NBC News reported.

CNN earlier Thursday denied a verified X user’s assertion that the network “will implement a 1-2 minute delay for tonight’s presidential debate instead of the standard 7-second delay.”

The user’s post was prefaced with the word “BREAKING” in the style of a breaking news report, but contained no source or evidence to back up the claim.

CNN’s official public relations account on X responded directly to the post: “This is false. The debate will begin live at 9pm ET.”

The user’s post nevertheless spread quickly on social media, and according to X’s tally had racked up more than 4 million views with less than an hour before the start of the debate.

NBC asked five AI chatbots if there will be a delay in the debate broadcast. OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot answered incorrectly, while Meta’s AI and X’s Grok answered the question correctly.

— Kevin Breuninger

Biden’s campaign will run ads during the debate targeting Trump on issues ranging from abortion bans, the Jan. 6, 2021, Capitol riot, and the Republican challenger’s legal losses in court cases involving hush money payments to a porn star, sexual assault, and financial fraud.

The first ad, titled “Willow’s Box,” features a woman named Amanda Zurawski, who the campaign said nearly died twice after she was denied health care following her miscarriage in Texas, which has a ban on abortions.

Trump has boasted about his appointments as president of three conservative justices to the Supreme Court, who were part of a majority that voted to reverse the half-century-old ruling that first established a constitutional right to abortion.

– Dan Mangan

The Biden campaign said it set a new hour-long record for the campaign of grassroots fundraising late Thursday afternoon, only to break it the following hour.

“The 6-7 pm hour was Team Biden-Harris’ best grassroots fundraising hour of the campaign – besting the 5-6 pm hour which was our prior record hour for grassroots fundraising,” a campaign official told NBC News.

— Dan Mangan

If and when the topic of inflation comes up tonight, expect some routine finger-pointing from the debaters.

Both Biden and Trump have blamed each other for the price spikes that squeezed consumers’ wallets in the wake of the pandemic.

Here are some numbers to keep in mind:

• 1.4%: This was the consumer price index, a key inflation gauge, in January 2021, when Biden took office. Biden has repeatedly claimed that his administration inherited a 9% inflation rate, which is not true.
• 9.1%: This was the CPI in June 2022 when the post-pandemic inflation spike hit its peak. It was the highest rate in 40 years.
• 3.3%: This was the CPI in May, the most recent reading of inflation. Trump has claimed that he would end “the Biden inflation nightmare,” as he put it during a speech on June 22, though inflation has cooled significantly from its highs over the course of the the Biden administration.
• 19.3%: This is the cumulative level that prices have increased in the years since Biden took office.
• 7.8%: This is the cumulative level that prices increased during the Trump administration.

New inflation metrics come out tomorrow, including the Personal Consumption Expenditures index, which is the preferred measure of the Federal Reserve, which is in charge of the highly important decision of adjusting interest rates.

— Rebecca Picciotto

It’s June 27, making tonight’s debate the earliest presidential debate in modern U.S. history by nearly three months.

Before tonight, the earliest presidential debate was on Sept. 21, 1980, when Ronald Reagan debated John Anderson, who was running as an independent, according to the Commission on Presidential Debates.

Last election cycle, the first debate between Biden and Trump was on Sept. 29, 2020. The cycle before that, Hillary Clinton and Trump first faced off on Sept. 26, 2016.

Debates have historically occurred after candidates receive their official nominations from their respective parties. Tonight, Biden and Trump remain presumptive nominees.

The Republican National Convention is set for July 15-18 in Milwaukee. The Democratic National Convention will take place in Chicago on Aug. 19-22.

— Josephine Rozzelle

One of Biden’s biggest financial boosters said he’s hoping to see what he describes as the “real” Trump versus the “real” Biden in Thursday’s debate.

“My hope is that the audience and by extension, the voters will see the real true Trump, as well as the real true Biden,” Haim Saban said in an email to CNBC. He did not respond to follow-up requests for further comment.

But the one-line statement does suggest that Saban, like many other donors, will be carefully watching how the two perform on stage as he tries to raise money for Biden.

— Brian Schwartz

With Melania Trump’s whereabouts unknown just hours before the debate’s kick-off, Biden seized the opportunity to take a veiled shot at Trump over it on social media.

“The best part of the campaign trail is having you by my side, Jilly,” Biden wrote in a post on social media site X, responding to Dr. Jill Biden’s earlier post about her readiness to support her husband on the campaign trail.

The split screen of the Biden family’s unified front versus the former First Lady’s noticeable absence from Trump’s campaign events has been a theme of the presidential race so far.

Stephanie Grisham, Melania Trump’s former White House chief of staff, told NBC News that it would be “very surprising if she [Melania] didn’t attend” the debate.

— Rebecca Picciotto

Trump said on Saturday that his secretly chosen running mate would join him at tonight’s debate.

But so far, that’s not proving to be much of a clue.

Trump stepped off his plane Thursday night accompanied by a host of characters who are not being vetted as potential running mates, such as senior advisors Chris LaCivita and Susie Wiles, as well as longtime allies Corey Lewandowski and Rep. Matt Gaetz, R-Fla.

It’s unclear if any potential running mates will be with Trump at the debate venue in Atlanta, although several of them will be attending a nearby fundraiser and VIP watch party.

The fundraiser is being co-hosted by former Georgia Republican Sen. Kelly Loeffler and her husband Jeffrey Sprecher, CEO of Intercontinental Exchange, according to an invitation. Tickets for the event cost between $10,000 and $25,000, with funds directed to the Trump 47 Committee, a joint fundraising operation that benefits the Trump campaign.

Most of the people on Trump’s reported short list of potential running mates are expected to attend the watch party: North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum; Republican Sens. Marco Rubio, Fla., and JD Vance, Ohio; as well as Republican Rep. Elise Stefanik.

— Brian Schwartz

Independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. is also participating in the debate — sort of.

While Kennedy is easily the biggest third-party challenger in the cycle, he did not meet CNN’s debate qualifications, which require that eligible candidates must appear on enough state ballots that they could potentially win 270 electoral votes.

Rather than sit this one out, however, Kennedy will be appearing on a livestream and giving his own real-time answers to the questions posed to Trump and Biden. His “debate” will take place in West Hollywood, rather than Atlanta, and will be moderated by John Stossel.

The “Real Debate” will stream on X. Elon Musk, the social media platform’s owner, promoted the event from his account ahead of CNN’s debate.

— Kevin Breuninger

Atlanta, where Biden and Trump meet tonight, has mirrored the U.S. economy’s fragile but steady postpandemic recovery.

The Atlanta area unemployment rate came in at 2.8% in April, below the national figure, keeping up with the strong national labor market Biden has taken credit for.

But Trump’s more lax approach to business regulation could appeal to a city that is swarming with entrepreneurs.

Despite pandemic headwinds to small businesses, Atlanta has had a startup surge, hitting an all-time record of 323,669 new business formation filings in 2021. The city is also home to several large corporate headquarters such as The Coca-Cola Company, United Parcel Service and Delta.

But living costs are 10% higher in Atlanta than they are in the rest of Georgia, according to the real estate database RentCafe.

Strong jobs numbers accompanied by inflation-boosted costs of living are a familiar pair for Biden. His economic messaging threads a needle between celebrating what he has accomplished and sympathizing with Americans who work and still struggle to make ends meet.

— Rebecca Picciotto

Tonight’s debate between Biden and Trump, hosted by CNN, will air live beginning at 9 p.m. ET on CNN, CNN International and CNN en Español. Major broadcast networks simulcasting the debate include NBC, ABC and CBS.

CNBC will stream the debate here live, starting at 9 p.m. ET.

— Josephine Rozzelle

New economic indicators this week paint a mixed picture of the state of the economy, one that will likely be spun by both Biden and Trump tonight to corroborate competing economic narratives.

So far, the week’s numbers are tepid.

Consumer confidence dipped slightly to 100.4 in June from 101.3 in May, according to the latest monthly reading published Tuesday by the nonprofit research group The Conference Board.

Biden has repeatedly acknowledged that many Americans do not feel good about the economy, while Trump has used some negative economic vibes to argue for the superiority of “MAGAnomics” over “Bidenomics.”

The Labor Department on Thursday reported that initial jobless claims, a weekly unemployment metric, decreased to 233,000 from 239,000 last week, which could bolster Biden’s claims that the labor market is strong.

However, the number of people collecting unemployment benefits continues to rise, and the unemployment rate ticked up to 4% in May for the first time since January 2022.

The U.S. economy is also growing at a slower pace, according to a U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis estimate Thursday of first-quarter gross domestic product, which came in at 1.4%, the lowest quarterly rate since the second quarter of 2022.

Several gauges of inflation, likely to be a central economic focus tonight, will be released Friday morning, including the personal consumption expenditures index, the Federal Reserve’s preferred inflation data point.

— Rebecca Picciotto

Trump’s niece, Mary Trump, will be in Atlanta tonight for the debate, but she will not be in her uncle’s corner.

Biden’s campaign announced that Mary Trump, who has been a fierce critic of her uncle, will be a guest of the campaign in the spin room after the debate concludes late Thursday night.

“I’m in Atlanta tonight to remind everyone who Donald is as a person and how he would rule as a president because the stakes are far too high for us to get this wrong: We cannot afford to allow Donald Trump anywhere near the levers of power again,” Mary Trump said in a statement provided to CNBC by the Biden campaign.

— Brian Schwartz

Several Democratic Party donors are going to be closely watching how hard Biden punches back against Trump during their debate Thursday night, according to people familiar with the matter.

These donors, some of whom were granted anonymity to speak freely, acknowledge that if Biden can land some verbal blows against Trump, they’ll have an easier time raising money for him.

“All of us want Biden to come out swinging and swinging hard” against Trump, said Charles Myers, a former vice chairman at Evercore and a Biden bundler, about the expectations from party donors.

If Biden struggles to fight back and respond to the often rowdy Trump, money could be hard to come by.

“Democrats and donors are fired up about this election. They know what’s at stake. Biden’s performance will not change that unless he bombs tonight, which is highly unlikely,” Myers added.

— Brian Schwartz

Biden’s campaign is releasing a new video featuring criticism of Trump by several former Trump aides.

The video includes Trump’s vice president, Mike Pence, saying earlier this year, “I cannot in good conscience endorse Donald Trump.” 

John Bolton, who served as Trump’s national security advisor, is shown in the video saying, “Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin, Kim Jong Un, they’re fully prepared to take advantage of him.”

Trump defense secretary Mark Esper calls him a “threat to democracy” in the video.

— Dan Mangan

While opinion polls, especially those for national presidential contests, are imperfect measures of where an election stands, numerous recent surveys have offered the same assessment: The race is tight.

The New York Times’ average polling tracker currently shows Biden and Trump are virtually tied, 46% to 45%, respectively.

FiveThirtyEight’s tracker is even narrower, showing Trump with just a 0.2-point average lead in the polls over Biden, 41.1% to 40.9%.

But when it comes to which candidate is more likely to prevail in the debate, more voters say they have higher expectations for Trump, according to recent polls by Ipsos and New York Times/Siena College.

— Kevin Breuninger

Major stock indexes closed slightly higher in the hours before the debate, and on the eve of new inflation data that could affect the Federal Reserve’s decision on whether to adjust interest rates.

The upcoming report on May’s core personal consumption expenditures index could show that Biden-era inflation woes, which are declining but still persistent, are continuing to cool. That in turn could boost traders’ hopes that the Fed will be more likely to lower rates later in the year.

While the economy has skirted fears of a postpandemic recession and the stock market has performed well under Biden overall, the Democratic incumbent has struggled to make his case to voters, whose economic attitudes remain broadly negative.

— Kevin Breuninger

Trump in a Truth Social post shared debate “talking points” suggestions on the climate that he received from former Environmental Protection Agency administrator Andrew Wheeler.

Wheeler, among other things, told Trump to argue that during his presidential administration, “CO2 emissions went down,” and that “Biden just increased the energy costs for everyone.”

Biden campaign rapid response director Ammar Moussa promptly posted the advice on social media platform X, and wrote, “Thanks I guess.”

— Dan Mangan

Thanks to Biden’s lack of Democratic primary challengers and Trump’s decision not to participate in the Republican primary debates, tonight marks the first time either candidate has debated since they faced each other nearly four years ago, on Oct. 23, 2020.

The lapse is unusual for presidential candidates, at least one of whom typically debates in their party’s primary. Whether the lack of practice will leave Biden or Trump rusty in tonight’s debate remains to be seen.

— Josephine Rozzelle

The candidates’ microphones will be muted tonight unless it is their turn to speak, a new rule likely prompted by the persistent interruptions that defined Biden and Trump’s last faceoff during the 2020 campaign.

Lights in the candidates’ field of view will turn yellow when they have 15 seconds left to speak and flash red when they are down to their last five seconds, CNN explained in a video Wednesday. The displays will turn solid red when a candidate’s time is up, at which point their microphone will be muted and the other’s turned on.

Biden and Trump will know when their microphones are muted thanks to lights on each of their lecterns. When the lights are green, the microphone is on. When the lights are off, their microphone is muted.

— Josephine Rozzelle

Will she or won’t she?

With less than five hours before the candidates face off, it is still not clear whether Melania Trump will be in Atlanta for the debate between her husband Donald Trump and Joe Biden.

The former first lady has been conspicuously absent from Trump’s side on the campaign trail and at the New York criminal hush money trial, where he was convicted last month of crimes related to paying off porn star Stormy Daniels.

— Dan Mangan

Biden and Trump have debated before, but their first faceoff of the 2024 election cycle is bound to look very different.

That is due to the rules put in place by CNN, which is hosting the debate after both candidates sidestepped the Commission on Presidential Debates, the traditional organizer of the events.

Among CNN’s biggest changes: There will be no live audience, and candidates’ microphones will be muted until it is their turn to speak.

In another break from tradition, CNN is allowing two commercial breaks during the debate. Campaign staff are forbidden from interacting with their candidate during those times.

Trump and Biden will be standing at lecterns eight feet apart during the 90-minute debate in Atlanta. Biden won a coin flip to choose his lectern position, though in doing so he allowed Trump to get the final word of the night.

There will be closing statements but no opening statements. Candidates will have two minutes to answer questions, and one minute for responses or rebuttals.

The moderators — CNN anchors Jake Tapper and Dana Bash — will have discretion to allow additional time for follow-ups.

— Kevin Breuninger

Trump will debate Biden while his speech is restricted by gag orders in multiple civil and criminal cases against him.

Judge Juan Merchan recently lifted part, but not all, of the gag order on Trump in his criminal hush money case in Manhattan Supreme Court.

Trump, who was convicted on 34 felony counts in that trial, is now free to speak about witnesses and the jury. But he is still barred from discussing lawyers and staff for the Manhattan district attorney’s office and the court, plus any of their family members.

At least two other gag orders on Trump still appear to be in effect: one from his New York civil business fraud trial, and one from his federal election interference case in Washington, D.C., federal court.

The gag order from the civil fraud trial barred Trump from speaking about court personnel. It was imposed after Trump repeatedly verbally attacked the judge’s principal law clerk.

In the D.C. case, Judge Tanya Chutkan restricted public statements about likely witnesses, court staff and related legal counsel, including the lead prosecutor, Special Counsel Jack Smith. A federal appeals court later narrowed that gag order, allowing Trump to speak about Smith.

— Kevin Breuninger

The White House Correspondents’ Association complained about the exclusion of the White House travel pool of journalists from being in the studio during the debate.

“WHCA is deeply concerned that CNN has rejected our repeated requests to include the White House travel pool inside the studio,” the group said in a statement, which noted it had asked for access for at least one print pool reporter.

The group said the “White House pool has a duty to document, report and witness the president’s events and his movements on behalf of the American people.”

— Dan Mangan

CNN announced last week that Biden and Trump were the only presidential candidates who met its qualification requirements, solidifying tonight’s head-to-head debate.

To earn a spot tonight, presidential hopefuls had to cross two key thresholds by June 20:

• Candidates had to appear on enough state ballots to reach 270 electoral votes.
• Candidates had to receive at least 15% support in four national polls that met CNN’s standards.

Independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr. failed to meet those requirements, reaching 15% in just three surveys and gaining ballot access in only 10 states, according to an NBC News analysis.

— Josephine Rozzelle